Before trying to answer the NCERT exercise questions, you should have a thorough understanding of class 7 Science chapter 7 i.e. ‘Transportation in Animals and Plants‘.
If you haven’t understood the chapter yet, then worry not you can go through it easily and develop a crystal clear understanding of various concepts from our notes whose link has been provided below. ⤵️
NCERT Exercise Questions & Answers
Que. 1 Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| i) Stomata | a) Absorption of water |
| ii) Xylem | b) Transpiration |
| iii) Root hairs | c) Transport of food |
| iv) Phloem | d) Transport of water |
| e) Synthesis of carbohydrates |
Ans. 1 The correctly matched structures given in Column I with their functions in Column II are:
| Column I | Column II |
| i) Stomata | b) Transpiration |
| ii) Xylem | d) Transport of water |
| iii) Root hairs | a) Absorption of water |
| iv) Phloem | c) Transport of food |
Que. 2 Fill in the blanks:
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the ___________.
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in _____________ cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of____________.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called__________.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is_____________.
(vi) Sweat contains water and _____________.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called ___________.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by__________.
Ans. 2 (i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by arteries.
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in the red blood cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called heartbeat.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is urea.
(vi) Sweat contains water and salts.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by transpiration.
Que. 3 Choose the correct option:
(a) In plants, water is transported through
(i) xylem
(ii) phloem
(iii) stomata
(iv) root hair
(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants
(i) in the shade
(ii) in dim light
(iii) under the fan
(iv) covered with a polythene bag
Ans. 3 (a) (i) xylem.
(b) (iii) under the fan, air from the fan will disperse the water vapours that have gotten concentrated near the stomatal pores, increasing the rate of transpiration.
Que. 4 Why is the transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.
Ans. 4 The Transport of essential materials like food, water, and air (oxygen) is really important in a plant or in an animal as every single living cell needs all the essential substances to stay alive and to function properly. Most living organisms get or prepare these essential materials via/at a particular site and from there it has to be transported to every single cell.
- Transportation of nutrients from the small intestine to every single cell via the bloodstream.
- Transportation of oxygen via blood in human beings.
- Transportation of food synthesized in leaves to the rest of the plant via phloem.
- Transportation of water & minerals from the roots to the shoot via xylem, etc. are some of the common examples of transportation of materials into plants and animals.
If plants or animals do not have a well evolved channels for transportation then they will not survive and will extinct.
Que. 5 What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?
Ans. 5 If there are no platelets in our blood then if we get our knees scraped or get our finger(s) cut with sharp objects then the blood will not clot and it will not stop coming out of the wound and soon our body will lose a large amount of blood which can cause our death.
Que. 6 What are stomatas? Give two functions of stomata.
Ans. 6 Stomatas are tiny pores that are present on the leaf surface.
The main functions of stomata are:
- Facilitate the exchange of gases in plants.
- Evaporation of water through leaves occurs due to stomata which cools the plants and also generates a transpirational pull.
Que. 7 Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.
Ans. 7 Transpiration actually serves two important functions in a plant:
- Due to the evaporation of water from the leaves, they cool down protecting the plant from any heat-related harm.
- Transpiration generates a transpirational pull that is responsible for the conduction of water from the roots to the rest of the body via xylem vessels.
Que. 8 What are the components of blood?
Ans. 8 Blood is mainly composed of 4 components:
- Plasma
- Red Blood Cells
- White Blood Cells
- Platelets
Que. 9 Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?
Ans. 9 Blood is needed by all the parts of a body because:
- It transports oxygen to all parts of the body.
- It transports nutrients to all parts of the body.
- It is required to protect our bodies from infections and pathogens.
- It keeps the temperature of our body constant.
- It transports the waste materials out of the cells to the excretory organs.
- It carries the hormones that are responsible for the proper functioning of the human body, etc.
Que. 10 What makes the blood look red?
Ans. 10 Our blood appears red in colour due to the presence of a special pigment called haemoglobin in the red blood cells.
Que. 11 Describe the function of the heart.
Ans. 11 Our heart is a muscular pump whose main function is to continuously pump blood throughout the body.
- The left chambers of our heart receive the oxygenated blood from the lungs and pump it to the rest of the body.
- The right chambers of our heart receive the deoxygenated blood or carbon dioxide-rich blood from the various parts of the body and pump it to the lungs for exhalation.
The middle septum of our heart prevents the intermixing of the oxygenated blood and the deoxygenated blood.
Que. 12 Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
Ans. 12 When the cells in our body perform their particular functions they produce some wastes and if these waste materials aren’t excreted out of our body then they will start to accumulate hampering our bodily functions and causing various diseases and problems as the majority of the bodily wastes are toxic in nature.
Que. 13 Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.
Ans. 13 The labelled human excretory system’s diagram is given below:
Credits & References
- Class 7th Science NCERT Textbook
- Image by brgfx on Freepik
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